First Enticing With Desires: A Material Approach to Fo Guang Shan and Humanistic Buddhism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study explores the little-examined dimensions of a highly influential Buddhist organization, Fo Guang Shan (佛光山), which was founded in Taiwan and established more than 200 branches on all five continents. Through ethnographic research focusing on Buddhist materiality – its aesthetic framing through material forms and modern techniques – the study argues that Buddhism as a practice of mediation is “sacred in between” (Barrie 2005). In particular, an examination of its construction of urban monastic space, aesthetic foodways, re-contextualization of musical practice and creative ritual performance, enables a tangible understanding of Humanistic Buddhist thought. As an extension of Chinese Buddhism, Fo Guang Shan’s Humanistic Buddhism should not be understood as a process of secularization. By examining the concrete forms of Fo Guang Shan’s cultural products and its various re-interpretations of traditions, we will see an active transformation initiated within the Buddhist community in response to the influences of modernity and globalization in our contemporary world.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".