Solar cycle variation in radar meteor rates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT 16 yr of meteor radar data from the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) were used to investigate the link between observed meteor rates and both solar and geomagnetic activity. Meteor rates were corrected for transmitter power and receiver noise, and seasonal effects were removed. A strong negative correlation is seen between solar activity, as measured with the 10.7 cm flux, and observed meteor rates. This lends support to the idea that heating in the atmosphere at times of elevated solar activity changes the scale height and therefore the length and maximum brightness of meteors; a larger scale height near solar maximum leads to longer, fainter meteors and therefore lower rates. A weaker negative correlation was observed with geomagnetic activity as measured with the K index; this correlation was still present when solar activity effects were removed. Meteor activity at solar maximum is as much as 30 per cent lower than at solar minimum, strictly due to observing biases; geomagnetic activity usually affects meteor rates by less than 10 per cent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".