Effect of severe chloride environment on the flexural behaviour of hybrid concrete systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports an investigation into the effect of a severe chloride environment on the flexural behaviour and microstructure of concrete composites combining normal- or high-strength concrete and ultra-high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). The normal- or high-strength concrete layers were used in the compression area while the UHPFRC, with three different fibre contents (1, 1·5 and 2%), was in tension. The goal was to measure the degradation of the bonding area and to investigate possible physical debonding under long-term exposure to a severe chloride environment. The microstructural properties of the degraded bond zone were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and backscattered electron imaging after 600 d of cycling exposure. The test results revealed that severe chloride exposure influenced the flexural capacity of the concrete composites. However, the bond between the normal- or high-strength concrete and UHPFRC layers was maintained without any distinctive degradation. In addition, an increase in the fibre volume in the UHPFRC layer significantly improved the mechanical resistance of concrete composite specimens, although higher chloride penetration depths were registered at increased fibre contents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".