Contraction flow of ionomers and their corresponding copolymers: Ionic and hydrogen bonding effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The contraction flow of several commercial ionomer melts and their corresponding copolymers was studied numerically using a viscoelastic integral constitutive model developed by Kaye and Bernstein, Kearsley, and Zapas, known as the K-BKZ model. First a detailed rheological characterization was performed to calculate the parameters of the K-BKZ model used in the flow simulations. The effects of ionic and hydrogen bonding associations have been studied on the entry pressure drop, on the corner vortex in the capillary contraction, as well as on the vortex strength. In all cases, the ionomers exhibit much more significant effects compared to their copolymers, the more so as the number of ionic associations present in their backbone increases. This is due to strong ionic associations present in the ionomers that give rise to strong strain hardening effects important in entry flows. Compared to ionic associations, the effects of hydrogen bonds are insignificant particularly at levels less than 5 mol. %.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".