Refrac Screening Processes in Unconventional Reservoirs, A Geomechanics Perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Refracturing is often required in shale and tight gas formations because of inadequate initial HF design or unexpectedly rapid production decline. Water blocking because of fracturing liquid incompatibility, unexpected proppant embedment and crushing, shorter or curved primary fracture length because of premature screen off, general pressure depletion, primary fracture mis-orientation from stress shadowing, unfavourable poroelastic effects limiting the performance of the stimulated volume, and, in general, formation permeability reduction from stress sensitivity may all contribute to unsatisfactory or rapidly declining production. We emphasize the role of geomechanics in candidate screening and review the major factors leading to production decline in unconventional reservoirs. Although the fracture geometry may be altered in a staged fracturing process, the primary focus should be given to the formation permeability enhancement either due to shear dilation or induced fractured network elongation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".