Dietary vitamin D <sub>3</sub> restriction differentially alters <i>quadriceps</i> contractile proteins in both sexes in the transgenic G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that dietary vitamin D 3 (D 3 ) restriction hastened the decline in functional outcomes following disease onset in the G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by motor neuron death, muscle weakness and progressive paralysis. Objective In this pilot study, we investigated the effects of dietary D 3 at 2.5% the adequate intake (AI) in G93A mice on quadriceps contractile proteins (α‐actin; troponin C, trop C), inflammation (IL‐6), cell stress response (Hsp70), mitochondrial efficiency (UCP3) and apoptosis (CASP3 cleaved/pro ratio), mechanisms contributing to ALS pathology. Methods Starting at age 25 d, 42 G93A mice were provided food ad libitum with either adequate (AI; 1 IU D 3 /g feed; 12 M, 11 F) or deficient (DEF; 0.025 IU D 3 /g feed; 10 M, 9 F) D 3 . Differences in quadriceps protein content were considered significant at P ≤ 0.10. Results In males, DEF had 34% lower α‐actin (P = 0.096) and 38% higher trop C (P = 0.031) vs AI. In females, DEF had 32% lower trop C vs AI (P = 0.020). DEF males had 16% higher UCP3 (P = 0.093) and 57% higher trop C vs DEF females (P = 0.021). Conclusion Dietary D 3 restriction differentially alters markers of muscle contractile proteins in both sexes in G39A mice, which may explain the associated decline in functional capacity. (Supported by NSERC and Faculty of Health‐York U). Grant Funding Source : Supported by NSERC and Faculty of Health‐York U
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".