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Record W2921540713 · doi:10.1093/jcag/gwz006.076

A77 CONSUMPTION OF REFINED SUGAR RAPIDLY DECREASES MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND ENHANCES SYSTEMIC RESPONSE TO MICROBIAL STIMULI

2019· article· en· W2921540713 on OpenAlexaff
Sabitha Rajaruban, Richard N. Fedorak, Aiden Zalasky, Naomi Hotte, Michael Laffin, Jeong Jae Hyun, Wahed Ma, Karen Madsen

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · 2019
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicGut microbiota and health
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Alberta
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLachnospiraceaeGut floraBiologyLipopolysaccharideMicrobiologyPopulationColitisMicrobiomeInflammatory bowel diseaseSugarInternal medicineImmunologyChemistryEndocrinologyBacteriaBiochemistryFirmicutesMedicine16S ribosomal RNA

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Population-based studies have demonstrated an association between refined sugar intake and increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease. We have previously shown that both long- and short-term exposure to a high sugar diet in mice increases susceptibility to dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis and attenuates wound healing. Tissue regeneration following DSS colitis is highly dependent upon gut microbiota and activated macrophages. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a short-term exposure to high sucrose on gut microbiota and monocyte function. Adult wild-type 129/SvEv mice were placed on chow (CH) or high sugar diet (HS) (50% sucrose: AIN76A). Stool samples were collected on day 0 (prior to diet) and on day 3 for analysis of microbiota by 16S rRNA analysis. As an assessment of gut barrier defense, ileal homogenates were analyzed for iNOS expression by qPCR. Bone-marrow derived monocytes (BMDM) were obtained from femurs of mice on day 3 and cultured for basal cytokine secretion and secretion in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Blood was obtained from mice on day 3 and incubated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Escherichia coli. Aliquots were removed and plated at 30-minute intervals. Percentage change in CFU/mL was used to assess bacteria killing ability of whole blood. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities showed stool microbial profiles from CH mice to differ from HS fed mice. Verrucomicrobia was elevated in HS fed mice (p<0.01, FDR<0.01) while Lachnospiraceae was decreased (p<0.01, FDR <0.03). HS fed mice also demonstrated a loss of α-diversity. iNOS expression was significantly down-regulated in ileum in HS fed mice, indicating a loss of reactive oxygen species. BMDMs derived from HS fed mice exhibited enhanced basal secretion of TNFα and IL-12p70 compared to BMDMs derived from chow fed mice (p<0.05). There was no difference in basal IL-1β or IL-10 between the two groups. When treated with LPS, BMDM from HS fed mice showed a dramatic increase in TNFα and IL-10 secretion when compared with BMDM derived from CH fed mice (p<0.01). Whole blood from HS fed mice exhibited enhanced bacterial killing ability compared to CH fed mice. Short term consumption of a high sucrose diet resulted in a loss of ileal defense, significant microbial changes and enhanced responses to microbial stimuli in blood and bone-marrow derived monocytes. These findings suggest that even a short-term exposure to high sugar in the diet can rapidly alter both the gut microbial composition and systemic immune function which may act together to increase susceptibility to colitis and failure of tissue regeneration seen in sucrose-fed mice. CIHRCEGIIR

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.008

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.226
Teacher spread0.218 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2019
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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