Higher order lumped element absorptive low‐pass and bandpass filter structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Here, the authors present a class of lumped‐element low‐pass and bandpass absorptive filter circuits. To begin with, the authors discuss a new type of absorptive low‐pass filter (LPF) structure that has an excellent impedance matching performance in both passband and stopband. This work provides low‐pass prototype values for the proposed absorptive LPFs in terms of those for the conventional reflective filters, namely g ‐parameters, so that the new type of absorptive LPF can be designed in a straightforward manner. In addition, it is shown that traditional low‐pass‐to‐bandpass frequency transformations can be applied to the absorptive low‐pass prototype cases in the design of absorptive bandpass filters (BPFs). Second‐ and third‐order LPF and BPFs are designed and measured to verify the new type of absorptive filter and its design method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".