A Multistate Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna Using Fluidic Channels
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A reconfigurable microstrip monopole antenna that uses three closely spaced substrate milled channels filled with either air or dielectric fluid is presented. Based on the number of channels filled with fluid, four states-namely states 0, 1, 2, and 3-of operation are selected. Introduction of fluid (distilled water) in the channel modifies the effective permittivity of the dielectric medium and perturbs the E-field distribution in vicinity to the antenna arm. The position and size of channels are optimized to maximize the shift in operating frequency and $S_{11}<; $$-$10 dB impedance bandwidth through full-wave electromagnetic (HFSS) simulations. A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured, exhibiting frequency shifts of 12.0%, 17.9%, and 23.7% with impedance bandwidth of 32.0%, 30.1%, and 29.9% in states 1, 2, and 3 of the antenna, respectively. The reference state, i.e., state 0, offers 34.7% impedance bandwidth. The measured peak gains achieved are 2.4, 1.6, 1.2, and 0.3 dBi for states 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In all the states of operation, the radiation pattern remains stable and omnidirectional.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it