Factors affecting contaminant transformation by heat-activated persulfate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) involves the injection of persulfate (S2O8 2-) into the subsurface to remediate contaminated groundwater and soils. Although S2O8 2-does not react with contaminants to an appreciable extent, it can be activated into stronger oxidants (e.g., SO4 and OH) by heat, alkaline solutions, dissolved iron and ironcontaining minerals. The objective of the research described in this thesis is to explore the influence of temperature and background solutes on contaminant transformation by heat-and mineral-activated S2O8 2-. Through the transformation of benzoic acid (a model organic compound) and chlorendic acid (a flame retardant), it was discovered that temperature affects not only the rate of contaminant transformation but also the transformation pathway and distribution of byproducts. Solution pH, alkalinity, and chloride also influence the rates of persulfate activation and contaminant degradation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".