A Mixed Methods Study of Enlistment of Indigenous Men on Reserves in the First World War
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The First World War triggered opposite reactions from Indigenous men and the Canadian government; the former sought a combination (varying by personal degrees) of independence, cultural expression, treaty obligations and choice, while the latter saw an opportunity to strengthen their control of Indigenous communities for assimilative ends. We know about the experiences of Indigenous soldiers through letters home, the post war production of cultural artifacts and the too-rare memoir, but accessing the extent of the government's attempts at control within this context, specifically the highly personal and often fraught choice to enlist, requires striping away government rhetoric and bureaucratic bluff. In this research note, we assess patterns of recruitment to isolate the specific effect of the government decision to deliberately overlap Indian Affairs and military authority figures in the form of Agents-recruiters. This cliometric analysis highlights the power of this combination of expedient government interest at the expense of Indigenous community integrity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".