A Novel Approach to Examining Multiple Indoor Exposures in Early Childhood on the Inflammatory Pathway and Risk of Intermediate Outcomes for Childhood Asthma in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Birth Cohort
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rationale: Oxidizing chemicals found in the indoor environment, particularly consumer products, can cause inflammation leading to respiratory illness. The CHILD birth cohort is a national study examining how environmental exposures interact with genetics, immune system, microbiome and other personal characteristics to impact the risk of developing asthma and allergies.Methods: 2700 of 3,455 children born into the CHILD cohort were included in this analysis. A comprehensive suite of indoor exposures with potential inflammatory properties (e.g. mold and moisture, cleaning products and other household chemicals, and pests) in infancy were combined into an Indoor Environmental Exposure Index (IEEI). Exposures were evaluated against asthma-related outcomes of recurrent wheeze, atopy and diagnosed asthma at age 3 years.Results: In logistic regression (adjusted for sex, parental atopy, income, ethnicity, and tobacco exposure) the IEEI at age 3 months was associated with a significantly higher risk of asthma and wheeze + atopy at 3 years of age in both continuous and interquartile comparisons, but not with atopy alone.IEEI as Continuous Variable ........IEEI Comparing Upper to Lower QuartileOutcome; Odds Ratio (95 % C.I.); Odds Ratio (95 % C.I.)Asthma 1.39* (1.03 – 1.86) ............1.98* (1.02-4.12)Atopy ...1.12 (0.94 - 1.33) ...1.37 (0.91-2.07)Wheeze+Atopy 1.56* (1.03 - 2.38) 3.53* (1.23-12.7) *p-value < 0.05Conclusions: Infants with wheeze, and wheeze with atopy are at higher risk for developing asthma later in life. Our findings indicate that ubiquitous indoor exposures in the first 3 months of life may contribute to higher risk of wheeze and atopy, which may ultimately lead to asthma later in life. Given the longitudinal nature of CHILD, we can add exposure periods at later ages and track these relationships with more definitive asthma development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".