Phenotypic and functional alterations in peripheral blood monocyte subpopulations following short-term physical training (117.32)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Regular exercise can reduce low-grade systemic inflammation contributing to the prevention of chronic disease. Phenotypic and functional alterations in monocyte (MO) subpopulations are implicated in antiinflammatory mechanisms of physical training. Peripheral blood was sampled from 10 healthy males (24.8±4.3 y) before and after short-term endurance training (6-d cycling 2-h/d, 65% VO2peak). Samples were examined by multicolour immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. CD14 and CD16 surface markers characterized 3 distinct MO subsets: classical (CD14++CD16-), intermediate (CD14++CD16+), and nonclassical (CD14+CD16++); the latter two being potent producers of inflammatory proteins. Coexpression of toll-like receptors (TLR2/4), intracellular cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1ra, IL-10), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and oxidative burst (Rho123) were quantified as changes in fluorescence intensity. Total MO counts dropped after training, with significant reductions in intermediate and nonclassical subsets. TNF-α and IL-8 expression decreased in nonclassical and intermediate MO, respectively, with no change in classical. Conversely, IL-10 and IL-1ra increased in classical and intermediate, but were unchanged in nonclassical MO. TLR2/4 were upregulated on all MO, whereas, NF-κB translocation and oxidative burst were suppressed. Our data indicate short-term training modulates the distribution and functional activity of specific MO subsets, consistent with a net antiinflammatory response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".