Supplementation with dietary ω‐3 mitigates immobilization‐induced reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in young women
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Omega‐3 (ω‐3) supplementation attenuates immobilization‐induced atrophy; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Since mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in muscle atrophy, we examined whether ω‐3 supplementation could mitigate disuse‐mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Healthy young women (age = 22 ± 3 yr) randomly received control ( n = 9) or ω‐3 supplementation ( n = 11; 3 g eicosapentaenoic acid, 2 g docosahexaenoic acid) for 4 wk prior to and throughout 2 wk of single‐limb immobilization. Biopsies were performed before and after 3 and 14 d of immobilization for the assessment of mitochondrial respiration, H 2 O 2 emission, and markers of ADP transport/lipid metabolism. In controls, immobilization rapidly (3 d) reduced (∼20%) ADP‐stimulated mitochondrial respiration without altering ADP sensitivity or the abundance of mitochondrial proteins. Extending immobilization to 14 d did not further reduce mitochondrial coupled respiration; however, unlike following 3 d, mitochondrial proteins were reduced ∼20%. In contrast, ω‐3 supplementation prevented immobilization‐induced reductions in mitochondrial content and respiration throughout the immobilization period. Regardless of dietary supplement, immobilization did not alter mitochondrial H 2 O 2 emission in the presence or absence of ADP, markers of cellular redox state, mitochondrial lipid–supported respiration, or lipid‐related metabolic proteins. These data highlight the rapidity of mitochondrial adaptations in response to muscle disuse, challenge the necessity for increased oxidative stress during inactivity, and establish that ω‐3 supplementation preserves oxidative phosphorylation function and content during immobilization.—Miotto, P. M., McGlory, C., Bahniwal, R., Kamal, M., Phillips, S. M., Holloway, G. P. Supplementation with dietary ω‐3 mitigates immobilization‐induced reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in young women. FASEB J. 33, 8232–8240 (2019). www.fasebj.org
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".