Resting-state directed brain connectivity patterns in adolescents from source-reconstructed EEG signals based on information flow rate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quantifying the brain's effective connectivity offers a unique window onto the causal architecture coupling the different regions of the brain. Here, we advocate a new, data-driven measure of directed (or effective) brain connectivity based on the recently developed information flow rate coefficient. The concept of the information flow rate is founded in the theory of stochastic dynamical systems and its derivation is based on first principles; unlike various commonly used linear and nonlinear correlations and empirical directional coefficients, the information flow rate can measure causal relations between time series with minimal assumptions. We apply the information flow rate to electroencephalography (EEG) signals in adolescent males to map out the directed, causal, spatial interactions between brain regions during resting-state conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first study of effective connectivity in the adolescent brain. Our analysis reveals that adolescents show a pattern of information flow that is strongly left lateralized, and consists of short and medium ranged bidirectional interactions across the frontal-central-temporal regions. These results suggest an intermediate state of brain maturation in adolescence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".