Evidence for Whole Mantle Convection Driving Cordilleran Tectonics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Deducing mechanisms for advance and retreat of magmatic arcs is fundamental to understanding accretionary tectonics and the evolution of continents. However, first‐order explanations of large spatial and long temporal changes in magmatic arcs remain elusive. We present isotopic evidence that Cordilleran magmatic arc systems were controlled by spherical harmonic degree‐2 mantle convection and characterized by two antipodal upwellings bisected by a meridional downwelling. Once established, the meridional “subduction girdle” drives hemispheric slab rollback and remains the locus of Cordilleran oceanic arcs. Continual westward migration of the North and South American continents led to arc advancement and consumption of back‐arc basins, culminating in arc‐continent collisions and reversals of subduction polarity. Continental arcs initiated diachronously as North and South America arrived at the subduction girdle and oceanic arcs were accreted. Systematic patterns in radiogenic isotopes along the Cordilleran system support that slab dynamics are controlled, to first order, by long‐wavelength mantle convection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".