Spectroscopic observations on human pigmentation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The main chromophores of human skin are melanins and hemoglobins along with carotenoids, bilirubin, and other compounds. In an effort to study the spectral signatures of skin melanin, we measured absorption spectra in a variety of situations, including a method to show early signs of re-pigmentation in vitiligo. METHODS: To measure skin in vivo, the essential component was a "Bifurcated Optical Fiber" with one end connected to the light source and the second end connected to the spectrometer while the common end was placed on the skin. RESULTS: In a typical in situ "melanin in skin" spectrum, the absorbance values first rise gradually, from 750 to 600 nm, then rise moderately from 600 to 450 nm, and rise sharply from 450 nm to a broad peak at 335 nm, below which it gradually rolls down to much lower values. CONCLUSION: We successfully studied melanin spectroscopically in subjects with vitiligo lesions, obtaining the differential spectra. Higher melanin levels can be shown by steeper negative slopes of a straight line fitted between 620 and 720 nm. Also, absorption peak at 335 nm showed the presence of melanin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".