Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Roman Empire of 3rd century AD was subject to serious hyperinflation, which was caused by the overproduction of the denarius, which by this point contained minimal amounts of silver. At the end of the century Diocletian attempted to solve this problem by fixing the prices of goods but was unsuccessful. Constantine I during his reign in the early 4 th century AD introduced a new gold currency, the solidus, which successfully brought down inflation. The solidus had a consistent weight and a floating exchange rate with the base-metal currency. The result of this was a stable denomination that acted in some respects as a gold standard. Constantine was able to accomplish what previous emperors could not because of two extraordinary events: his conversion to Christianity and the discovery of a new source of gold in the reign of his son Constantius II. His conversion to Christianity allowed him to confiscate the wealth from pagan temples. The accounts of these confiscations by Eusebius were previously thought to have been primarily laudative. Recent work done by Kevin Wilkinson on the dating of Palladas, another contemporary writer, has shown that these confiscations were a reality. These two events supplied the empire with enough gold to effectively jump-start his economic strategy. A better understanding of these events is achieved by examining modern historical parallels. These are the confiscations of Jewish property in Germany during the 1930s, Spain’s economy after discovering New World gold and Brazil’s use of a floating exchange-rate to stop hyperinflation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".