Design and Analysis of Unretrofitted and Retrofitted Glulam Beams and Columns under Blast Loading
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The findings of a comprehensive study involving the static and dynamic investigation of seventy unretrofitted and FRP retrofitted glulam structural elements are presented in this paper. Key observations made in the experimental program regarding material properties, effect of combined axial and out-of-plane blast loading, and strengthening strategies using FRP are used as foundation for design recommendations. Based on the experimental results, unretrofitted glulam beams and columns were shown to have no significant post-peak resistance and thus it is recommended that such members be modeled using a linear flexural resistance curve with a ductility ratio of unity. A dynamic increase factor was found to only be present in beams with no continuous or closely aligned finger-joints. In cases where the finger-joint distribution is not known, a DIF of unity is recommended. Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) were shown to only provide significant post-peak resistance when bidirectional fabrics were used as confinement.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it