The Influence of Genetic Effects and Plastic Responses on Brain Size and Behaviour of Polymorphic Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In fishes, individuals from the same population can differ in morphology, habitat use, and diet (resource polymorphism). Delineating the proximate mechanisms shaping this diversification remains a challenge. I tested for family differences and plastic responses in the brain morphology and foraging behaviour of young-of-the-year brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) originating from migratory and resident grandparents sampled from Lake Superior tributaries. Siblings from 24 families were split and raised in conditions favouring a sedentary or an active foraging style. Total brain weight and relative volumes of the telencephalon, optic tectum, cerebellum, olfactory bulb, and hypothalamus varied between families and between foraging treatments. Three brain characters were correlated with activity and foraging location in the water column during independent feeding trials and four differed with the family history of migration. My findings suggest both family differences and plasticity within families influence brain morphology and foraging behaviour, and therefore contribute to phenotypic diversification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".