EFFICACY OF MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUES AS AN ADJUNCT WITH MULLIGAN’S MOBILIZATION IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS OF SHOULDER
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Adhesive Capsulitis most commonly referred to as ”Frozen Shoulder” is an insidious Painful Condition with progressive and gradual restriction of all planes of movement in the glenohumeral joint. Evidence shows Mulligan's mobilization with movement (MWM) mobilization technique is more effective than muscle energy techniques (MET) and conventional therapy in improving shoulder function. Therefore the present study intends to determine the efficacy of muscle energy techniques along with Mulligan’s mobilization with movement, in adhesive capsulitis of theshoulder joint. Methods: The present randomized controlled trial was conducted among 30 subjects including both sex groups aged between 40-60 years diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. They were randomly assigned into two groups with 15 subjects each. Group A received Mulligan’s mobilization alone, and Group B received Mulligan’s mobilization along with MET. Both the groups received the treatment protocol six times a week for three weeks. Pre and post evaluation of pain was done by using the short-form McGill pain questionnaire, range of motion by the Universal Goniometerand the functional disability by using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Results: There was a significant improvement (P<0.05) in pre and post-intervention levels in both groups. Between groups analysis, the results are: a range of motion improved 30%, and the values are flexion with a p-value of 0.010, for abduction, internal and external rotations with a p-value of 0.000 except for extension with a p-value of 0.109. On comparison of SPADI using Mann Whitney U test, it showed 50% improvement with a significant difference with a p-value of 0.001 and McGill improved for more than 70% with a p-value of 0.000. Conclusion: Mulligan’s mobilization along with Muscle Energy Technique is found to be more effective in improving quality of life among subjects with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder than Mulligan’s mobilization alone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".