Earnings Management and Quarterly Discretionary Accruals Level in the Brazilian Stock Market
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the behavior of the quarterly earnings management level of Brazilian public companies. For this purpose, a sample of 107 companies listed on the B3 Brasil Bolsa Balco S.A. was selected and the quarterly discretionary accruals among 2012 and 2017 were estimated using Paulo's ( Next, a second regression with the quarterly discretionary accruals and dummy variables representative of each quarter was used. The results indicate that the magnitude average of discretionary accruals are higher in the fourth and last quarter, and discretionary accruals for the first quarter were significantly different from the second and third quarter. These findings suggest that managers adjust the firm's performance report more strongly at the end of the year as it becomes the last opportunity to use discretion over accounting numbers with the intent to achieve annual goals.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it