Semi‐analytical nanoscale‐extended surface tension correlation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Surface tensions (STs) are of critical importance to numerous natural phenomena and practical applications while most existing ST correlations are in the empirical formulations and limited to the bulk phase. In this study, a new semi‐analytical correlation based on the perturbation theory from the statistical thermodynamics is initially developed to calculate the STs of the various components in bulk and nanoconfined pores. The newly developed ST correlation is validated to be accurate and generalized in bulk and nanoconfined pores in comparison with the experimentally measured results at a wide range of temperatures. Furthermore, three important patterns with respect to the STs are determined: first, the STs are found to be reduced with the temperature increase but increase when the components become heavier in both bulk and nanoconfined pores; second, the STs of the mixtures tend to be more sensitive to the feed ratios at higher temperatures; last but not least, the nanoscale STs of the pure components are slightly lower than the bulk results at the same conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".