Reverse Supply Chain Systems Coordination Across Multiple Links With Duopolistic Third Party Collectors
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The proper supply of end-of-life (EOL) items plays a critical role in the success of remanufacturing systems. In many real-world practices, a remanufacturer has multiple links with independent third party collectors, while these links should be simultaneously coordinated. However, most previous studies mainly focus on reverse supply chain (RSC) coordination in a one-to-one setting (single link). Moreover, the competition among third party collectors affects the acquisition of EOL products and this is an important issue. In this paper, an RSC consisting of a single remanufacturer and duopolistic competing third party collectors is explored and a new mechanism is proposed to achieve channel coordination across multiple links. To be specific, we consider the case when the collectors compete on the acquisition prices offered to the consumers and the remanufacturer decides on the pricing and environmental effort decisions with two considerations: 1) increasing return of EOL items and 2) boosting demand of remanufactured products. The optimal decisions of RSC members and performance of RSC are analyzed under different behaviors of competing collectors. Moreover, a multilateral two-part tariff contract is proposed to coordinate the decisions across multiple links. The results indicate that the proposed contract improves not only profits of the remanufacturer and competing collectors but also the collection quantity of EOL items and demand of remanufactured products, which helps improve the environment.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it