The Obstacle of Difference and The Solution of Inclusive Schooling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Racism discourse evokes responses that are often either passionate, self-reflective, or fiercely self-critical, creating a sense of disbelief and denial in some and opening up old wounds in others. Canada’s relatively peaceful and diverse inhabitants, social safety net, universal health care, and relatively higher standard of living provide its citizenry with a quality of life that is considered exceptional compared to life in many other countries. The line that separates this strange binary of denial versus passionate recognition is usually defined by social location. Those located within North America’s dominant group tend to deny that race is an issue in their lives. The roots of this perceptual disconnect between the dominant group and the minoritized run deep. It stems from centuries of European imperialist expansionism and the notions of “modernity” that both inspired and sustained this expansionism. Goldberg describes “modernity” as one of the defining concepts that has influenced the unfolding of Western history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.046 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.012 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.014 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".