Introduction to Forum on Luke Mayville, John Adams and the Fear of American Oligarchy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
John Adams and the Fear of American Oligarchy.By Luke Mayville. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016.232p $29.95 hardcover. It is always a pleasure to assemble an outstanding group of scholars to discuss a new book and to witness a happy result. The pleasure was especially great in this case. I have long shared James Read’s opinion that Adams is “one of the most important, and least read” of America’s founding-era theorists. Luke Mayville’s book decisively shows that Adams, often portrayed as an aristocratic and arcane thinker, was in fact a state-of-the-art political psychologist and a practitioner of a genre of political theory that Mayville rightly insists we need more of. That is, Adams contributed not to “democratic theory” but to “theories of oligarchy,” which pause from asking how the people ought to wield their just powers in order to observe why, and how, the few in fact wield far more than their just share.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.090 | 0.034 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".