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Record W2944066182

Optimisation des conditions opératoires pour la déshydratation des boues d’épuration par la technique de gel/dégel en régions nordiques (cas du village de Salluit).

2018· article· fr· W2944066182 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Oumaima Tazi

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique) · 2018
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldEngineering
TopicFreezing and Crystallization Processes
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsForestryChemistryGeography
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Au Canada, de nombreuses communautés nordiques sont aux prises avec une problématique \nenvironnementale liée à la gestion des eaux usées. Les systèmes primaires et secondaires de \ntraitement des eaux usées produisent des quantités importantes de boues d’épuration. Ces \nboues contiennent de la matière organique pouvant être utilisée comme fertilisant, et des \néléments indésirables, tels que des agents pathogènes et des contaminants chimiques qui sont \npotentiellement dangereux pour l’homme, la faune et la flore. Afin de gérer ces boues \nproduites lors du traitement des eaux usées, une étape de déshydratation des boues \nd’épuration par la technique de gel/dégel a été proposée à cause du climat froid, la présence du \ngel durant une bonne partie de l’année et l’insuffisance de moyens d’assainissement que \nrencontrent ces communautés. \nCette technique permet, en premier lieu, la séparation solide/liquide qui s’effectue par la \ncristallisation de l’eau contenue dans les boues. Les cristaux repoussent les impuretés \nconcentrées, ce qui favorise leur agglomération. En second lieu, les flocs produits sont \ndéshydratés, puis compactés sous l’effet de la progression de la glace vers eux. Après le dégel, \nle drainage de l’eau à travers les granules laisse un résidu final ayant une siccité plus élevée, \npermettant ainsi son transport et sa valorisation. \nCe projet de recherche avait comme objectif principal de développer un procédé de \ndéshydratation des boues primaires et/ou secondaires par la technique de gel/dégel en régions \nnordiques et d’optimiser les critères opératoires, tels que les effets du type de boues, de la \nteneur initiale en solides totaux, de la température, de la durée de congélation et de la hauteur \nde boues, de l’ajout de boues successives et des cycles de congélation/décongélation. Un suivi \ndes solides totaux des boues initiales et finales, des matières en suspension présentes dans le \nlixiviat, de la teneur en carbone organique dissous et des éléments métalliques a été réalisé afin \nde comparer les performances des différentes conditions testées. \nLes résultats obtenus après le traitement par gel/dégel indiquent que le type de boues affecte \nles teneurs en solides des boues déshydratées et leur contenu en Ca, en K, en Mg et en Na par \nrapport aux boues initiales. De même, l’épaisseur de la couche de boues congelés et le temps \nde congélation ont un impact sur les solides totaux des boues déshydratées. En ce qui concerne \nl’influence de la siccité initiale des boues, plus cette dernière est élevée, plus la siccité finale des \nboues déshydratées est élevée. In Canada, many northern communities are dealing with environmental issues related to \nwastewater management. Primary and secondary wastewater treatment systems produce \nsignificant amounts of sewage sludge. This sludge contains organic material that can be used as \na fertilizer, and undesirable elements, such as pathogens and chemical contaminants, that are \npotentially harmful to humans, wildlife and plants. In order to manage the sludge produced \nduring wastewater treatment, a sludge dewatering process by the freeze/thaw technique was \nproposed because of the cold climate, the presence of frost during a good part of the year and \nthe inadequate sanitation facilities that these communities encounter. \nThis technique allows, in the first place, the solid/liquid separation, which is carried out by the \ncrystallization of the water contained in the sludge. The crystals repel concentrated impurities, \nwhich favors their agglomeration. Secondly, the floc produced is dehydrated and then \ncompacted by the progression of the ice towards them. After the thaw, the drainage of the \nwater through the granules leaves a final residue with a higher total solids content, allowing its \ntransport and recovery. \nThe main objective of this research project is to develop a dewatering method applicable to \nprimary and/or secondary sludge by the freeze/thaw technique in northern regions and to \noptimize operating criteria such as the effect of the initial total solids content. The effects of the \ntype of sludge, temperature, duration of freezing and height of sludge added, successive \naddition of sludge, and various cycles of freezing/thawing have been studied. Monitoring of \ntotal initial and final sludge solids content as well as suspended solids, dissolved organic carbon \ncontent and metallic elements contents in the leachate was completed to compare the \nperformances of the different operating conditions studied. \nThe results obtained after the freeze/thaw treatment indicate that the sludge type affects the \nfinal solids content and the Ca, K, Mg and Na levels compared to the initial sludge. Sludge \nheight and freezing time have also an impact on the resulting total solids content of the \ndewatered sludge. With regard to the influence of the initial dryness of sludge, the higher the \nlatter, the greater the final dryness becomes important.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.953
Threshold uncertainty score0.094

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0020.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.306
Teacher spread0.268 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2018
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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