Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin Method Contrast Source Inversion of 2-D and 3-D Dielectric and Magnetic Targets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a microwave imaging algorithm capable of simultaneously reconstructing electric and magnetic targets from both electric and magnetic field measurement data, with support for arbitrary imaging system boundaries and inhomogeneous background media. A high-order time-harmonic discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) forward solver is adopted within a contrast source inversion (CSI) algorithm formulated for electric and magnetic targets. Due to its high-order capabilities, the DGM forward solver effectively decouples the contrast and field discretizations without introducing a dual mesh. The drawback of standard DGM forward solvers, namely, their high computational cost, is addressed by a hybridizable DGM (HDGM) formulation. Synthetic and experimental results for both DGM-CSI and HDGM-CSI are presented for a variety of 2-D and 3-D measurement configurations and both dielectric and magnetic targets. HDGM-CSI is shown to have imaging performance comparable to FEM-CSI for dielectric targets, and significant additional flexibility that will enable future electromagnetic imaging applications and system design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".