Compressible-Gas Invasion into Liquid-Saturated Porous Media: Application to Polymer-Electrolyte-Membrane Electrolyzers
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) electrolyzers are used to store renewable-source energy in the chemical bonds, of H${}_{2}$, and understanding gas transport in the liquid-saturated porous transport layer is crucial to improving their efficiency. While incompressible fluid-fluid displacement in porous media has been well studied, here the authors investigate the impact of compressibility on gas transport, via experiments in patterned micromodels. Including a thin layer of small pore throats at the system's inlet enhances viscous fingering, for lower gas saturation in the bulk. This insight will help to design next-generation PEM electrolyzers for tomorrow's energy systems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it