Deuterated methanol toward NGC 7538-IRS1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the deuteration of methanol towards the high-mass star-forming region NGC 7538-IRS1. We carried out a multi-transition study of CH3OH, 13CH3OH, and the deuterated flavors, CH2DOH and CH3OD, between 1.0 and 1.4 mm with the IRAM-30 m antenna. In total, 34 13CH3OH, 13 CH2DOH lines and 20 CH3OD lines spanning a wide range of upper-state energies (Eup) were detected. From the detected transitions, we estimate that the measured D/H does not exceed 1%, with a measured CH2DOH/CH3OH and CH3OD/CH3OH of about (32 ± 8) × 10−4 and (10 ± 4) × 10−4, respectively. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis of a short-timescale formation during the pre-stellar phase. We find a relative abundance CH2DOH/CH3OD ratio of 3.2 ± 1.5. This result is consistent with a statistical deuteration. We cannot exclude H/D exchanges between water and methanol if water deuteration is of the order 0.1%, as suggested by recent Herschel observations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".