Analysis of Abnormal Operating Performance Between Family Owned Firms and State Owned Firms in Indonesia and Malaysia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: This study examines the financial performance of family owned firms and state owned firms listed in Bursa Malaysia and the Indonesia Stock Exchange.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employed abnormal operating performance to measure firm performance over a 15 year period from 1992 to 2007.Findings: This study shows that the state owned firms outperformed the family owned firms in Indonesia and Malaysia. Hence, the family owned firms need to strategize on how to increase its competitive advantage in order to compete with the state owned firms especially if they are competing in similar industry. Based on abnormal operating performance result, for each type of ownership which have model that have influenced by changing in their internal company or changing within their industry, they need to consider all factors that can impact their performance.Practical Implications: This study may assists the family owned and government involvement in company and their performance.Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a new data set on family and government owned companies in both countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".