El desarrollo desigual del capitalismo a la luz de El Capital de Carlos Marx / Uneven Development of Capitalism in the Light of Capital by Karl Marx
Bibliographic record
Abstract
El articulo promueve el desarrollo cientifico de una economia politica desde el Sur, partiendo de la teoria revolucionaria de Marx y Lenin, quienes formularon la ley del desarrollo economico y politico desigual del capitalismo. Y aunque Marx inicio el estudio del sistema del capital a partir del modelo de capitalismo mas avanzado de su epoca, el ingles, ya en El Capital dejo claro que en el continente americano, al norte y al sur, el sistema del capital siguio un «camino» diferente al desarrollado por el capitalismo ingles. Ello puede explicar por que historicamente surgieran dos tipos de capitalismo en America: el de las colonias convertidas en metropolis (Estados Unidos y Canada) y el de las colonias convertidas en neocolonias (America Latina y el Caribe). Hoy «la unidad» de los proletarios y los pueblos oprimidos es el problema a resolver por la teoria y la practica revolucionaria. El hecho es lograr la creacion de un Sujeto Sur para el desarrollo a escala global. / This paper is aimed at promoting the scientific development of a political economy in the South on the basis of Marx and Lenin’s revolutionary theory, who formulated the law of uneven political and economic development of capitalism. Although Marx studied the capital system, finding a base therefor on the most advanced capitalist model in his time, namely the English one, in Capital, he made it clear that the capital system in North and South America evolved differently from the English capitalism. That could give an account of why two types of capitalism historically emerged in the American continent –the capitalism in colonies that became metropolises (the United States and Canada), and the capitalism in colonies that became neo-colonies (Latin America and the Caribbean). Nowadays, “unity” of workers and oppressed peoples is a problem to be solved through revolutionary theory and practice. The fact is to achieve the creation of a South Subject for development on a global scale.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.020 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".