The Predictors and Consequences of Personal Norms in Context of Organic Food Among Pakistani Consumers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: The primary aim of this research is to identify the influence of environmental belief (awareness of consequences, injunctive social norms, environmental concern, environmental self-identity and aspiration of responsibility) on personal norms and subsequent effect on organic food purchase intentions with mediation outcome of personal norms and moderating role of willingness to pay.Design/methodology/approach: The data was collected from individual Pakistani consumers with 430 effective questionnaires. Further the responses were analysed through SPSS, V-22, smart PLS-3.Findings: The results showed that awareness of consequences, injunctive social norms, environmental concern, environmental self-identity and aspiration of responsibility showed significant influence to personal norms towards organic food. Subsequently, personal norms had a significant effect on consumer purchase intentions. Furthermore, organic food willingness to pay proved to be significant and positive moderator between personal norms and organic food purchase intentions.Research implications: This study provides organic food marketers to understand the consumer’s demand from the consumers’ moral perspective and suggests the basis for the future development of organic food.Originality/value: The study implications suggest the need for policy makers to educate and positively promote organically produced foods to consumers through messages based on morality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".