ІVAN FRANKO AND STEFAN KOVALІV: ON THE HISTORY OF THEIR MUTUAL RELATIONS AND COOPERATION

In the article, on the materials of sources and scientific researches, the author represents the process of origin and development of the mutual relations and cooperation between Іvan Franko and Stefan Kovalіv. In particular, the attention is drawn to the fact, that the figure of Stefan Kovalіv, the writer of fame and teacher, educationalist, author of school textbooks, publicist, and civic-political activist, takes a leading place among the Ukrainian writers of the last quarter of the XІX century. Stefan Kovalіv’s creative heritage represents much information on the social and economic life of the eastern Galіcіa іnhabіtants, evolution of petroleum industry, and formation of the working class in the eastern Galicia in the last quarter of ХІХ century. As is underlined by the researcher, S. Kovaliv wrote mostly pedagogical articles, published methodological precepts for teaching arithmetic and natural history, and short stories for children. However, along with the afore-mentioned activity, he actively worked on the development of his personal intellectual potential. In his leisure time he perused the works of domestic and foreign writers. In particular, within this context, he developed an interest in I. Franko’s wrіtіngs about Boryslav with their plots representing what S. Kovalіv himself saw each day with his own eyes, namely, the dire need and daily existence of the population of the so-called «Galіcіan Calіfornіa». I. Franko himself often came to Boryslav and visited S. Kovalіv, they walked along the city streets together and saw the intolerable living conditions of Boryslav workers, conversed about the needy state of peasants and, upon return to S. Kovalіv’s study, І. Franko continued conversing with the host on the literature which themes and images pivoted on what both men themselves saw and heard. Therefore, the article accentuates the features of their cooperation and reciprocal dialogue through the prism of their survived correspondence, etc. It has been defined, that at the time S. Kovalіv began to show deeper interest in economic and social situation of cities and villages of his native land under the influence of I. Franko’s wrіtіngs on Boryslav. At the same time, Іvan Franko’s attitude to Stefan Kovalіv’s creative inheritance is presented in the article. Particularly, the author underlines, that it was due to I. Franko’s assistance, that S. Kovalіv was publіshed in the journal «Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk», and after 1899, when the «Ukrainian-Ruska Publishing Association» was founded in Lviv, S. Kovalіv, at Franko’s initiative, published nine collections of short stories within a period of several years, namely, «Hromadski promyslovtsi» («Civic Industrialists»), «Desertyr» («A Deserter»), «Rybolovy» («The Fishermen»), «Pokhresnyk» («The Godson»), «Pysanka» («Easter Egg»), «Charodiina skrypka» («A Magical Violin»), «Shchaslyva babunia» («The Happy Granny»), «V ostatnii lavtsi» («At the Last Desk»), and «Obrazky z halytsʼkoyi Kaliforniyi» («Sketches from Galician California»).

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