Environmentally benign catalytic synthesis and hydro‐refining of linear alkylbenzenes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The synthesis technology of linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) was studied through the preparation of an Al‐SBA‐15 catalyst, the optimization of alkylation conditions, and the regeneration of deactivated catalyst. The hydro‐refining over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst was carried out to remove unsaturated hydrocarbon impurities from the LAB. The results of the alkylation reactions over the Al‐SBA‐15 catalyst in a liquid fixed bed reactor showed that the olefin conversion remained above 98 % for time on stream of 3000 h, and the LAB selectivity was above 93 % under the following conditions: temperature of 260 °C; pressure of 5.0 MPa; weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 1.0 h−1; and the molar ratio of benzene to olefin of 25:1. Through the burning coke regeneration, the catalytic performance of the deactivated alkylation catalyst was satisfactorily restored. The quality of the LAB synthesized through alkylation and hydro‐refining was better than that of the industrial LAB produced using the hydrofluoric acid catalytic process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".