3-D-Printed Tunable Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a tunable circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna developed using three-dimensional (3-D) printing. Circular polarization is achieved by a novel method of introducing an L-shaped slot in a square patch antenna. Moreover, by loading the four edges of the patch with shunt varactors, the frequency of the antenna can be tuned while maintaining CP radiation. The use of 3-D printing for manufacturing enables the vertical integration of varactors between the patch and the ground, which has not been shown before. Such integration minimizes the interaction of varactors with the radiating properties of the antenna and results in reduced parasitics. Measured results show that the antenna has a frequency tuning range of 27.2% for CP operation with the center of tuning range around 1.9 GHz. The 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidth remains above 3% for each fixed frequency band of operation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it