Influence of Particle Geometry Assessed via Image Processing on Broken Sandstone Strength
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Particle geometry has an impact on the behavior and strength of broken rock, where particle shape characteristics affect the ability of particles to rotate or slide relative to each other. Form, angularity and texture are three independent parameters that describe the geometry of such a particle. In this paper the geometry of crushed Berea sandstone was determined through image processing, where the results showed that form and angularity indices describe the geometry characteristics of broken Berea sandstone better than the other geometry indices. A correction coefficient that has previously been introduced to predict a sieve size distribution from image processing was shown to be a function of form index for the sandstone fragments. Triaxial compression tests were performed on the broken sandstone, showing that confining pressure and void ratio have an impact on broken rock strength. Increasing confining pressure was shown to enhance the strength of broken rock, while void ratio was shown to be inversely related to broken rock strength. Void ratio can also be affected by particle geometry. Increasing particles form index increases the void ratio where particles angularity index and void ratio are inversely related.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".