Permeability and reactivity of cemented paste backfill with sodium silicate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The key properties of sodium silicate-bearing cemented paste backfill (S-CPB) that have environmental impacts are investigated in this study. These properties include the permeability and reactivity of S-CPB. S-CPB consists of tailings, water and binder, along with the addition of sodium silicate, which is an alkali activator. The S-CPB samples are prepared and cured for 90 days. The reactivity of the S-CPB samples with sulphidic-tailings (45% wt. pyrite) is investigated by performing oxygen consumption (OC) tests, whereas the permeability of the S-CPB is evaluated through saturated hydraulic conductivity tests. The results of the OC tests show that the addition of 0.3% wt. of SS to CPB can reduce its reactivity due to an increase in the formation of cement hydration products in the CPB. Furthermore, the results show that SS reduces the hydraulic conductivity of the S-CPB by enhancing or refining its microstructure. The results obtained suggest that the addition of SS to CPB would reduce its environmental impacts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".