Effect of Air Swirler Profile on Spray Characteristics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pressure swirl atomizers are widely used in gas turbines and liquid propellant rockets to obtain improved atomization. In these atomizers, the liquid to be atomized enters through tangential inlets producing a swirling motion inside a swirl chamber and creates a central gas core surrounded by a liquid sheet that spreads radially outward from the orifice exit. In a typical gas turbine combustor coaxially fitted swirler-atomizer assembly is used for better performance. In this paper, an experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effect of the swirler profile on a co-axial hollow cone spray. A coaxially fitted air swirler and atomizer assembly is used for the analysis. High speed imaging is used to capture the sharp images of spray and for the calculation of spray cone angle. Phase Doppler Interferometer (PDI) is used to analyze SMD variations. Significant change in spray characteristics is observed with different air flow rates and swirler shapes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".