Moment-generating function method used to accurately evaluate the impact of the linearized optical noise amplified by EDFAs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a nonlinear optical fiber communication (OFC) system with signal power much stronger than noise power, the noise field in the fiber can be described by linearized noise equation (LNE). In this case, the noise impact on the system performance can be evaluated by moment-generating function (MGF) method. Many published MGF calculations were based on the LNE using continuous wave (CW) approximation, where the modulated signal needs to be artificially simplified as an unmodulated signal. Results thus obtained should be treated carefully. More reliable results can be obtained by improving the CW-based LNE with the accurate LNE proposed by Holzlohner et al in Ref. [1]. In this work we show that, for the case of linearized noise amplified by EDFAs, its MGF can be calculated by obtaining the noise propagation information directly from the accurate LNE. Our results agree well with the experimental data of multi-span DPSK systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".