Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hoses can be components of fluid power control systems. To determine the dynamic behaviour of such systems you need to know the dynamic properties of the components included. This investigation aims to develop a method to determine these properties of hoses. Nitrile-black-carbon is used in hydraulic hoses. A literature study gives that rubber is a very complex material. It is viscoelastic with a lot of non-linearities so it is not self-evident how to model the hose. Four different models are studied. One of them gives an idea of the static relation between the rubber tube and the reinforcing. Two of them take the dynamic properties of rubber into account. The fourth model is a second order black box model. Laboratory tests have been done. The relationship between pressure changes and volume changes in hydraulic hoses at different frequencies is measured. Two seated valves were used, one for increasing and one for decreasing the pressure in the hose. The volume of oil coming out from the hose was measured with a cylinder. Three different hoses are tested. The test results agree rather well with one of the dynamic rubber models and with the black box model, useful for control system analysis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".