Do fall migrant monarchs use solar elevation as a cue to mediate migration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
By Shaina Gerber, Biology of Animals Advisor: Patrick Guerra Presentation ID: PM_ATRIUM25 Abstract: The Eastern North American monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) performs a long-distance migration during the fall, during which individuals fly southwards to overwintering sites in Mexico from the eastern US and southern Canada. Migrant monarchs utilize the sun as a visual cue that allows them to fly with the proper southwards flight orientation during the fall. For instance, migrants employ a time-compensated sun compass for flight directionality, using the azimuth angle of the sun as a parameter. Monarchs, however, might also use other parameters of the sun to facilitate their migration. For example, the sun's elevation angle (the sun's apparent altitude in the sky) changes during the fall season (i.e., decreases over time), and therefore can serve as a cue that either initiates, terminates, or both, the migration. To examine this possibility, we examined if there were any correlations between monarch sightings during the fall (2010-2017 fall seasons), with the onset of monarch migration and for their arrival in Mexico. Here, monarch sightings serve as a proxy for the overall progression of the fall monarch migration in Eastern North America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".