Mathematical Modeling and Testing of a Loop Heat Pipe Using a Two – Way Pressure Regulating Valve
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A loop heat pipe (LHP) is a heat transfer device that uses the vaporization of a working fluid to transfer heat from an evaporation section to a condensing section.The operating characteristics of a LHP with a two-way pressure regulating valve (PRV) is experimentally investigated using a flight-qualified LHP.Experiments suggest that an orifice within the PRV causes a premature start-up.It is determined that the LHP is unable to control the evaporator temperature to 31 ℃ roughly after 130 W under test conditions.The LHP is found to be more sensitive to changes in sink temperatures when operating at higher powers.A steady-state LHP model is developed and is found to compare well with experimental results.It is determined that modeling the effects of the PRV on the LHP operation is not feasible using measurements due to the extreme sensitivity of the model to small changes in fluid pressure.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Tarik Kaya, for giving me the opportunity to further my education and for providing me with an experience that I will always remember.His guidance, support, patience, flexibility and immense knowledge helped
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".