FROM STIGMA TO COMMUNITY’S DISCRIMINATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF 16 FORMER PRISONERS IN MALAYSIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Discrimination and stigma have been found to be one of the foremost factors that thwarted former prisoners to integrate well when released from prison. The effects of the discrimination that caused the former prisoners to be marginalized and disowned when to live in the original place. Rejection from the community of origin causes the former prisoner to fail to integrate smoothly and tends to re-engage in criminal life. In-depth interviews have been conducted on 16 former prisoners regardless of the type of offense committed. The analysis of the study has brought identification to the following three situations when respondents are in the community; (1) are excluded or not accepted by the neighboring residence, (2) neighbors do not want to know their presence, and (3) they are labeled with various embarrassing calls. These empirical findings can lead to the suggestion of a community-based program that can be implemented in bringing together former prisoners with the community as soon as they are released.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".