Processes for the removal of triclosan in the environment and engineered systems: a review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a synthetic chlorinated aromatic compound and a typical antibacterial agent widely used in a diverse range of personal care products. Generally, after normal use, TCS is flushed into the sewage system through drainage. However, because of its incomplete removal in wastewater treatment plants, the remaining TCS enters the environmental surroundings via treated effluent as well as through sludge disposal. This not only increases TCS concentrations in the environment, but it can also lead to the bioaccumulation of detectable levels of TCS in food webs from aquatic organisms to humans. Experimental evidence has shown the potential negative effects of TCS and its metabolites to a range of marine and terrestrial organisms. This review systematically summarizes the current state of knowledge on occurrence, negative effects, and degradation mechanisms of TCS by abiotic and biotic processes. We finish by discussing research efforts aimed at identifying knowledge gaps between biochemistry and degradation pathways of TCS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".