Using Shared Services to Mitigate Boomtown Impacts in the Bakken Shale Play: Resourcefulness or Over-adaptation?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unconventional oil and gas development frequently creates challenges for local government service provision and production. This case study unites research on shared services and energy impacts through a qualitative analysis of a suite of shared services experiments pursued in the context of the boom in unconventional oil and gas development in northwestern North Dakota, United States. The article examines how the unique circumstances of energy boomtown dynamics in remote and rural areas shape the feasibility and form of shared services as solutions to acute service provision crises. The findings demonstrate that communities can deploy substantial innovation in response to the shocks of an energy boom, complicating assumptions about social disruption and community passiveness. However, the use of shared services also reinforced unrealistic projections about the duration and long-term benefits of the boom. In some instances, the use of shared services enabled extravagant projects with questionable future sustainability. Keywords: shared service, Bakken, shale, energy impacts, boomtown ------------------------------------------ Utilisation de services partagés pour atténuer les impacts liés un essor soudain dans la zone du gisement de schiste de Bakken: ingéniosité ou sur-adaptation? Résumé Le développement pétrolier et gazier non conventionnel pose souvent des problèmes pour la fourniture et la production de services par les gouvernements locaux. Cette étude de cas regroupe des recherches sur les services partagés et les impacts énergétiques à travers une analyse qualitative d’une série d’expériences sur les services partagés menées dans le contexte de l’explosion du développement des ressources pétrolières et gazières non conventionnelles dans le nord-ouest du Dakota du Nord, aux États-Unis. L'article examine comment les circonstances uniques de la dynamique du boom énergétique dans les zones rurales et isolées façonnent la faisabilité et la forme de services partagés en tant que solutions aux crises graves de fourniture de services. Les résultats démontrent que les communautés peuvent déployer des innovations substantielles en réponse aux chocs d’un boom de l’énergie, ce qui complique les hypothèses sur la perturbation sociale et la passivité communautaire. Cependant, l'utilisation de services partagés a aussi renforcé les projections irréalistes relatives à la durée et aux avantages à long terme du boom. Dans certains cas, l'utilisation de services partagés a permis de réaliser des projets extravagants avec une durabilité future douteuse. Mots-clés: service partagé, Bakken, schiste, impacts énergétiques, boomtown
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".