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Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder
Eli A. Stahl, Gerome Breen, Andreas J. Forstner, Andrew McQuillin, Stephan Ripke, Vassily Trubetskoy, Manuel Mattheisen, Yunpeng Wang, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, Héléna A. Gaspar, Christiaan de Leeuw, Stacy Steinberg, Jennifer M. Whitehead Pavlides, Maciej Trzaskowski, Enda M. Byrne, Tune H. Pers, Peter Holmans, Alexander Richards, Liam Abbott, Esben Agerbo, Huda Akil, Diego Albani, Ney Alliey‐Rodriguez, Thomas D. Als, Adebayo Anjorin, Verneri Antilla, Swapnil Awasthi, Judith A. Badner, Marie Bækvad‐Hansen, Jack D. Barchas, Nicholas Bass, Michael Bauer, Richard A. Belliveau, Sarah E. Bergen, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, Erlend Bøen, Marco P. Boks, James Boocock, Monika Budde, William E. Bunney, Margit Burmeister, Jonas Bybjerg‐Grauholm, William Byerley, Miguel Casas, Felecia Cerrato, Pablo Cervantes, Kimberly Chambert, Alexander W. Charney, Danfeng Chen, Toni‐Kim Clarke, William Coryell, David W. Craig, Cristiana Cruceanu, David Curtis, Piotr M. Czerski, Anders M. Dale, Simone de Jong, Franziska Degenhardt, Jurgen Del‐Favero, J. Raymond DePaulo, Srdjan Djurovic, Amanda Dobbyn, Ashley Dumont, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Valentina Escott‐Price, Chun Chieh Fan, Sascha B. Fischer, Matthew Flickinger, Tatiana Foroud, Liz Forty, Josef Frank, Christine Fraser, Nelson B. Freimer, Louise Frisén, Katrin Gade, Diane Gage, Julie Garnham, Claudia Giambartolomei, Marianne Giørtz Pedersen, Jaqueline Goldstein, Scott D. Gordon, Katherine Gordon‐Smith, Elaine Green, Melissa J. Green, Tiffany A. Greenwood, Jakob Grove, Weihua Guan, José Guzmán‐Parra, Marian L. Hamshere, Martin Hautzinger, Urs Heilbronner, Stefan Herms, Maria Hipolito, Per Hoffmann, Dominic Holland, Laura M. Huckins, Stéphane Jamain, Jessica Johnson, Anders Juréus, Radhika Kandaswamy, Robert Karlsson, James L. Kennedy, Sarah Kittel‐Schneider, James A. Knowles, Manolis Kogevinas, Anna C. Koller, Ralph Kupka, Catharina Lavebratt, Jacob Lawrence, William Lawson, Markus Leber, Phil H. Lee, Shawn Levy, Jun Z. Li, Chunyu Liu, Susanne Lucae, Anna Maaser, Donald J. MacIntyre, Pamela B. Mahon, Wolfgang Maier, Lina Martinsson, Steve McCarroll, Peter McGuffin, Melvin G. McInnis, James McKay, Helena Medeiros, Sarah E. Medland, Fan Meng, Lili Milani, Grant W. Montgomery, Derek W. Morris, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Niamh Mullins, Hoang Nguyen, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Annelie Nordin Adolfsson, Evaristus Nwulia, Claire O’Donovan, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Anil P. S. Ori, Lilijana Oruč, Urban Ösby, Roy H. Perlis, Amy Perry, Andrea Pfennig, James B. Potash, Shaun Purcell, Eline J. Regeer, Andreas Reif, Céline S. Reinbold, John P. Rice, Fabio Rivas, Margarita Rivera, Panos Roussos, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Euijung Ryu, Cristina Sánchez‐Mora, Alan F. Schatzberg, William A. Scheftner, Nicholas J. Schork, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Tatyana Shehktman, Paul D. Shilling, Engilbert Sigurðsson, Claire Slaney, Olav B. Smeland, Janet L. Sobell, Christine Søholm Hansen, Anne T. Spijker, David St Clair, Michael Steffens, John S. Strauss, Fabian Streit, Jana Strohmaier, Szabolcs Szelinger, Robert C. Thompson, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Jens Treutlein, Helmut Vedder, Weiqing Wang, Stanley J. Watson, Thomas W. Weickert, Stephanie H. Witt, Simon Xi, Wei Xu, Allan H. Young, Peter P. Zandi, Peng Zhang, Sebastian Zöllner, Rolf Adolfsson, Ingrid Agartz, Martin Alda, Lena Backlund, Bernhard T. Baune, Frank Bellivier, Wade H. Berrettini, Joanna M. Biernacka, Douglas Blackwood, Michael Boehnke, Anders D. Børglum, Aiden Corvin, Nicholas Craddock, Mark J. Daly, Udo Dannlowski, Tõnu Esko, Bruno Étain, Mark A. Frye, Janice M. Fullerton, Elliot S. Gershon, Michael Gill, Fernando S. Goes, Maria Grigoroiu‐Serbânescu, Joanna Hauser, David M. Hougaard, Christina M. Hultman, Ian Jones, Lisa Jones, René S. Kahn, George Kirov, Mikael Landén, Marion Leboyer, Cathryn M. Lewis, Qingqin S. Li, Jolanta Lissowska, Nicholas G. Martin, Fermín Mayoral, Susan L. McElroy, Andrew M. McIntosh, Francis J. McMahon, Ingrid Melle, Andres Metspalu, Philip B. Mitchell, Gunnar Morken, Ole Mors, Preben Bo Mortensen, Bertram Müller‐Myhsok, R Myers, Benjamin M. Neale, Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar, Merete Nordentoft, Markus M. Nöthen, Michael O‘Donovan, Ketil J. Øedegaard, Michael J. Owen, Sara A. Paciga, Carlos N. Pato, Michele T. Pato, Daniëlle Posthuma, Josep Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga, Marta Ribasés, Marcella Rietschel, Guy A. Rouleau, Martin Schalling, Peter R. Schofield, Thomas G. Schulze, Alessandro Serretti, Jordan W. Smoller, Hreinn Stefánsson, Kāri Stefánsson, Eystein Stordal, Patrick F. Sullivan, Gustavo Turecki, Eduard Vieta, John B. Vincent, Thomas Werge, John I. Nürnberger, Naomi R. Wray, Arianna Di Florio, Howard J. Edenberg, Sven Cichon, Roel A. Ophoff, Laura J. Scott, Ole A. Andreassen, John R. Kelsoe, Pamela Sklar
Bibliographic record
VenueNature Genetics · 2019
Typereview
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicGenetic Associations and Epidemiology
Canadian institutionsMcGill UniversityPublic Health OntarioMontreal Neurological Institute and HospitalDalhousie UniversityUniversity of TorontoCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthPrincess Margaret Cancer CentreMcGill University Health Centre
FundersNational Health and Medical Research CouncilCenter for Individualized Medicine, Mayo ClinicH. Lundbeck A/SMedical Research CouncilVetenskapsrådetNSW Ministry of HealthRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnNational Institute of Mental HealthAarhus UniversitetStockholms Läns LandstingEli Lilly and CompanyLundbeckfondenSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungWorld Health OrganizationWellcome TrustAgence Nationale de la RechercheGeneralitat de CatalunyaNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchEuropean Regional Development FundCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud MentalDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftPfizerCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchNational Science Foundation
KeywordsBiologyGenome-wide association studyGeneticsBipolar disorderGenetic associationAssociation (psychology)GenomeComputational biologyEvolutionary biologySingle-nucleotide polymorphismGeneGenotypeNeuroscience
Abstract
OpenAlex records an abstract for this work, but it could not be fetched just now.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Meta-analysis · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.003
Threshold uncertainty score0.011
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.299
Teacher spread0.283 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designMeta-analysis
Domainnot available
GenreReview
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations1,627
Published2019
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes