The effects of phenotypic plasticity on reproductive success of Trichogramma euproctidis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The body size of parasitoids varies with the amount of resources contained in a single host and this phenotypic plasticity applies to their reproductive traits. The impact of this phenotypic plasticity on the reproductive success of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma euproctidis in context of competition has been investigated. This species has been chosen for this study because different aspects of the reproductive strategies of both males and females are well known.Phenotypic plasticity in reproductive traits was observed in T. euproctidis. Results show that sperm size, and oocyte volume and number increased with body size. An index of maternal investment was calculated to determine how the effort invested in reproduction by females varies with body size and suggests that larger females invested more resources in reproduction. The plasticity in reproductive traits in T. euproctidis was a consequence of an environmental constraint of food availability, suggesting that resources acquisition during larval stage is a determinant factor of fitness. In context of sperm competition, smaller sperm were able to fertilize eggs earlier in an oviposition sequence but that advantage was apparent only when small sperm were in numerical inferiority which indicates that smaller sperm can compensate by being more competitive. Oocyte volume did not influence the outcome of the larval competition, but the clutch of the second-ovipositing female was advantaged, suggesting an ovicidal behavior from the second female.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".