Thermoresponsive Behavior of Poly(acrylic acid-<i>co</i>-acrylonitrile) with a UCST
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Poly(acrylic acid) is water soluble but can be converted into a thermoresponsive polymer possessing an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) by copolymerizing with acrylonitrile. The copolymers showed a UCST in water under ambient conditions, driven by the combined effect of hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid groups and hydrophobic interaction among the acrylonitrile moieties. The cloud point of the copolymers can be tuned by changing the copolymer composition, concentration, pH, and ionic strength of the solution. The dynamic light scattering results indicate that the amphiphilic copolymer chains are solubilized in the form of micelles through interchain hydrophobic interaction and the micelles may also form small aggregates through hydrogen bonding at temperatures below the UCST. This work demonstrates a new strategy for the design of thermoresponsive polymers from comonomers that are not known to produce thermoresponsive polymers but can be made into such polymers through the synergetic effect of different interactions that contribute to the enthalpic and entropic changes of mixing in the aqueous systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".