Neocortical inhibitory interneuron subtypes display distinct responses to synchrony and rate of inputs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Populations of neurons in the neocortex can carry information with both the synchrony and the rate of their spikes. However, it is unknown whether distinct subtypes of neurons in the cortical microcircuit are more sensitive to information carried by synchrony versus rate. Here, we address this question using patterned optical stimulation in slices of barrel cortex from transgenic mouse lines labelling distinct interneuron populations: fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons. We use optical stimulation of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expressing excitatory neurons in layer 2/3 in order to encode a random 1-bit signal in either the synchrony or rate of activity in presynaptic cells. We then examine the mutual information between this 1-bit signal and the voltage and spiking responses in PV+ and SST+ interneurons. Generally, we find that both interneuron types carry more information than GFP negative (GFP-) control cells. More specifically, we find that for a synchrony encoding, PV+ interneurons carry more information in the first 5 milliseconds, while both interneuron subtypes carry more information than negative controls in their later response. We also find that for a rate encoding, SST+ interneurons carry more information than either PV+ or negative controls after several milliseconds. These data demonstrate that inhibitory interneuron subtypes in the neocortex have distinct responses to information carried by synchrony versus rates of spiking.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".